Horror Films By Edgar Allen Poe, Bram Stoker And Marry Shelly

Imagine you are at cinema. There is a lot of suspense and the scene, which you are watching, is quite intense. It is a monster silently stalking his next victim. It approaches closer and closer until it takes the victim with it’s claws and rips apart, ripping pones and spewing blood everywhere. That is a rather common description of one of the most popular film genres today: Horror. Beginning roughly 100 years ago, early horror films were based off of the writings of famous Gothic writers such as Edgar Allen Poe, Bram Stoker and Marry Shelly. However, it was later when the German Expressionism in the form of film dominated the industry, horror films started to develop stronger and stronger. Horror movies are film genre, which typically relates to two patterns as supernatural, massacre, violence and zombies. Each movie genre has different special influences on the auditors and that influence, in a situation of horror genre, is fear. This kind of film can simply understand as mo vies that try to get a negative emotional reaction from the audience. Horror movies affect our society and culture by the way they expose to audiences, how they influence other entertainment genres, and how they can be used to portray the worst in society. First of all, horror movies expose audiences to new horrors and items, which they usually do not see in everyday life. Audiences enjoy horror film because it allows them to experience events or meet people they would never meet in their daily lives.

Essay on Henry VII of England - 673 Words

Henry VII of England Introduction Henry VII is also known as Henry Tudor. He was the first Tudor king after defeating Richard III at the Battle of Bosworth in August 1485. This battle saw the end of the Wars of the Roses, however to bring England to a powerful and also peace country he would have to sustain a full control of England. Henry VII was king of England from 1485 to 1509. His second son, also called Henry, inherited the throne and became Henry VIII. How did he keep the nobles under control? Henry by all means had to keep the nobles his under control. This would have been one of his major priorities that he would have had to deal with in order to keep his country strong, powerful and reined by himself till death do him†¦show more content†¦Those who did not obey his orders would be locked up in the tower of London or executed. How did Henry stop the Lancaster and York families from fighting? After defeating Richard III Henry knew that they would not be pleased that he killed part of their family. So he had to thing this through either he would wait until the York family declared war or have peace with them. He chose to have peace because this would be very efficient of money but how would he do this? The York people wouldn’t accept an apology and Henry liked money so he wouldn’t bribe them so he thought of a very clever idea. His idea was to marry a member of the York family, Elizabeth of York. The red rose of Lancaster and the white rose of York produced the Tudor rose. The idea of bringing families together by marriage was used by Henry and his children. How did how keep the country rich? Henry obtained a great deal of money through his time. He did this by sending people to get money for him and taxing and insurance. This made him very unpopular and people called him a ‘miser’ somebody who hates spending, this was quite true because he never spent any money and when he wrote cheques He always wrote them himself. He didn’t buy an accountant because he didn’t want to spend the money and he also didn’t trust them. He saved 25 million pounds in today’s money. He was very efficient because after the battle not many nobles helped him so he didn’t spend much money. How did heShow MoreRelatedComparing Henry VIIIs Government in 1509 to 1514 to His Fathers1459 Words   |  6 PagesComparing Henry VIIIs Government in 1509 to 1514 to His Fathers From the transition of Old king to Young king we can assume there will be lots of differences in the personalities between Henry VII and Henry VIII, these differences are what makes Henry VIIIs policies and government different to that of his father. Henrys personality was quite amazing, his intelligence, learning and curiosity impressed the ambassadors who littered his court, and his thirst for knowledgeRead MoreWas Henry Vii an Innovator? Essay1493 Words   |  6 Pages‘Was Henry VII an Innovator? Henry VII born on the 28th of January of 1457 and died on the 21st of April of 1509 was the first of five Tudor kings and queens that ruled England for around 120 years, quite short for that time, but they become one of the most famous dynasties of Europe’s history. Henry VII took the throne after a battle against the former king Richard III whose forces outnumbered Henrys by two to one. Henry VII had a couple of big problems, one of them was that there were peopleRead MoreThe War of the Roses700 Words   |  3 Pagesrepresented by a white rose. The War of the Roses started because when Henry VI had the crown, he was ill so his cousin, Richard Plantagenet said that he would take care of England while Henry healed. 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Each King or Queen willRead MoreKing Henry Viii : The King Of The Throne1682 Words   |  7 PagesKing Henry VIII was one of the most important and controversial leaders in English royalty history. In his rule, he made several large changes to normal English lifestyle, including taking complete control over the Church system and stripping the pope of all of his powers in England. He also broke a Christian tradition by having six different wives (In Christianity, you are not allowed not allowed to divorce or have several spouses). King Henry VIII s life and rule completely redefined EnglishRead MoreKings and Queens: The Tudors Essay1228 Words   |  5 PagesThe Tudors consisted of five kings and queens as well as Lady Jane Grey. The family line began when King Henry V passed away and his wife later on remarried a man named Owen Tudor. The Tudors were known as the most power ful, feared, and inspirational line of people to have lived during their time Owen Tudor, worked for the king within his courts as a Welsh owner, during the time of Owen’s marriage, Owen and the queen ended up having a son named Edward and it was said that he was to be the next inRead MoreThe Battle of Bosworth Field and its Effect on Government and Society1237 Words   |  5 Pagesarmy of Henry Tudor, Earl of Richmond and King Richard III. It was the 16th and penultimate battle of the War of the Roses. It was crucial to the outcome to the war and the history of the world to come. The battle of Bosworth Field effected England, through the military, as peace was brought to England after centuries of war, politically as Henry VII came to the crown, beginning the Tudor dynasty, with Henry VII revolution of Government, and Socially with the reformation of the Church in England withRead MoreEssay on The Realistic Objectives of Henry VIIs Foreign Policy1280 Words   |  6 PagesThe Realistic Objectives of Henry VIIs Foreign Policy According to the source, Henrys objectives were to ensure the security of his country and dynasty and to avoid foreign military intervention i.e. build up good relationships with neighbouring foreign powers. I also think that trade and prestige came into his objectives. Trade was important to him as it ensured the power of his country and, again, was important to Englands relationship with foreign powers. AlsoRead MoreKing Henry The Viii By William Shakespeare853 Words   |  4 PagesKing Henry the VIII was born in 1491 to Henry Tudor VII and Elizabeth of York, making him their third child, but second son. He was named after his father, Henry VII, and since he was the second son, he was not expected to be King. King Henry VII eldest son Arthur, Prince of Wales was to take the thrown and become King of England, that is until his death unexpected death. When little Henry was ten years old, he attended Arthur and his bride Catherine of Argon’s wedding. Four months after the marriageRead MoreThe Life of Katherine of Aragon1465 Words   |  6 PagesKatherine of Aragon is famous for being the first of Henry VIII’s many wives, the one who fought back and defended her papally sanctioned marriage; the mother of Mary I; and the daughter of Isabella of Castile and Ferdinand of Aragon, founders of the kingdom of Espaà ±a. These facts place her in the position o f a traditional sixteenth century woman by defining her as wife, mother, and daughter. In these roles, many women have been overlooked as the subject of their own study, and it certainly makes

Night World Soulmate Chapter 2 Free Essays

Hannah found herself on her feet. Her awareness was fragmented and understanding came to her in pieces because she simply couldn’t take in the whole situation at once. It was too bizarre. We will write a custom essay sample on Night World : Soulmate Chapter 2 or any similar topic only for you Order Now At first she simply thought of a bomb. The explosion was that loud. Then she realized that something had come in the window, that it had come flying through the glass. And that it was in the room with her now, crouching among the broken shards of windowpane. Even then, she couldn’t identify it. It was too incongruous; her mind refused to recognize the shape immediately. Something pretty big-something dark, it offered. A body like a dog’s but set higher, with longer legs. Yellow eyes. And then, as if the right lens had suddenly clicked in front of her eyes, she saw it clearly. A wolf. There was a big black wolf in the room with her. It was a gorgeous animal, rangy and muscular, with ebony-colored fur and a white streak on its throat like a bolt of lightning. It was looking at her fixedly, with an almost human expression. Escaped fromYellowstone , Hannah thought dazedly. The naturalists were reintroducing wolves to the park, weren’t they? It couldn’t be wild; Ryan Harden’s great-grandpa had bragged for years about killing the last wolf in Amador county when he was a boy. Anyway, she told herself, wolves don’t attack people. They never attack people. A single wolf would never attack a full-grown teenager. And all the time her conscious mind was thinking this, something deeper was making her move. It made her back up slowly, never taking her eyes off the wolf, until she felt the bookcase behind her. There’s something you need to get, a voice in her mind was whispering to her. It wasn’t like the voice of another person, but it wasn’t exactly like her own mental voice, either. It was a voice like a dark cool wind: competent and rather bleak. Something you saw on a shelf earlier, it said. In an impossibly graceful motion, from eight feet away, the wolf leaped. There was no time to be scared. Hannah saw a bushy, flowing black arc coming at her and then she was slammed into the bookcase. For a while after that, everything was simply chaos. Books and knick-knacks were falling around her. She was trying to get her balance, trying to push the heaviness of a furry body away from her. The wolf was falling back, then jumping again as she twisted sideways to get away. And the strangest thing was that she actually was getting away. Or at least evading the worst of the wolf’s lunges, which seemed to be aimed at knocking her to the floor. Her body was moving as if this were, somehow instinctive to her, as if she knew how to do this. But I don’t know this. I never fight†¦ and I’ve certainly never played dodge ball with a wolf before†¦. As she thought it, her movements slowed. She didn’t feel sure and instinctive any longer. She felt confused. And the wolf seemed to know it. Its eyes glowed eerily yellow in the light of a lamp that was lying on its side. They were such strange eyes, more intense and more savage than any animal’s she’d ever seen. She saw it draw its legs beneath it. Move-now, the mysterious new part of her mind snapped. Hannah moved. The wolf hit the bookcase with incredible force, and then the bookcase itself was falling. Hannah flung herself sideways in time to avoid being crushed-but the case fell with an unholy noise directly in front of the door. Trapped, the dark cool voice in Hannah’s mind noted analytically. No exit anymore, except the window. â€Å"Hannah? Hannah?† It was Paul’s voice just outside the room. The door flew open-all of four inches. It jammed against the fallen bookcase. â€Å"God-what’s going on in there? Hannah? Hannah!† He sounded panicked now, banging the door uselessly against the blockage. Don’t think about him, the new part of Hannah’s mind said sharply, but Hannah couldn’t help it. He sounded so desperate. She opened her mouth to shout back to him, her concentration broken. And the wolf lunged. This time Hannah didn’t move fast enough. A terrible weight smashed into her and she was falling, flying. She landed hard, her head smacking into the floorboards. It hurt. Even as she felt it, everything grayed out. Her vision went sparkling, her mind soared away from the pain, and a strange thought flickered through her head. I’m dead now. It’s over again. Oh, Isis, Goddess of Life, guide me to the other world†¦. â€Å"Hannah! Hannah! What’s going on in there?† Paul’s frantic voice came to her dimly. Hannah’s vision cleared and the bizarre thoughts vanished. She wasn’t soaring in sparkling emptiness and she wasn’t dead. She was lying on the floor with a book’s sharp corner in the small of her back and a wolf on her chest. Even in the midst of her terror, she felt a strange appalled fascination. She had never seen a wild animal this close. She could see the white-tipped guard hairs standing erect on its face and neck; she could see saliva glistening on its lolling red tongue. She could smell its breath-humid and hot, vaguely dog-like but much wilder. And she couldn’t move, she realized. The wolf was as long as she was tall, and it weighed more than she did. Pinned underneath it, she was utterly helpless. All she could do was lie there shivering as the narrow, almost delicate muzzle got closer and closer to her face. Her eyes closed involuntarily as she felt the cold wetness of its nose on her cheek. It wasn’t an affectionate gesture. The wolf was nudging at strands of her hair that had fallen across her face. Using its muzzle like a hand to push the hair away. Oh, God, please make it stop, Hannah thought. But she was the only one who could stop this-and she didn’t know how. Now the cold nose was moving across her cheekbone. Its sniffing was loud in her ear. The wolf seemed to be smelling her, tasting her, and looking at her all at once. No. Not looking at me. Looking at my birthmark. It was another one of those ridiculous, impossible thoughts-and it snapped into place like the last piece in a puzzle deep inside her. Irrational as it was, Hannah felt absolutely certain it was true. And it set off the cool wind voice in her mind again. Reach out, the voice whispered, quiet and businesslike. Feel around you. The weapon has to be there somewhere. You saw it on the bookcase. Find it. The wolf stopped its explorations, seeming satisfied. It lifted its head†¦ and laughed. Really laughed. It was the eeriest and most frightening thing Hannah had ever seen. The big mouth opened, panting, showing teeth, and the yellow eyes blazed with hot bestial triumph. Hurry, hurry. Hannah’s eyes were helplessly fixed on the sharp white teeth ten inches away from her face, but her hand was creeping out, feeling along the smooth pine floorboards around her. Her fingers glided over books, over the feathery texture of a fern-and then over something square and cold and faced with glass. The wolf didn’t seem to notice. Its lips were pulling back farther and farther. Not laughing anymore. Hannah could see its short front teeth and its long curving canines. She could see its forehead wrinkling. And she could feel its body vibrate in a low and vicious growl. The sound of absolute savagery. The cool wind voice had taken over Hannah’s mind completely. It was telling her what would happen next. The wolf would sink his teeth into her throat and then shake her, tearing skin and ripping muscles away. Her blood would spray like a fountain. It would fill her severed windpipe and her lungs and her mouth. She would die gasping and choking, maybe drowning before she bled out. Except. . . that she had silver in her hand. A silver picture frame. Kill it, the cool voice whispered. You’ve got the right weapon. Hit it dead in the eye with a corner. Drive silver into its brain. Hannah’s ordinary mind didn’t even try to figure out how a picture frame could possibly be the right weapon. It didn’t object, either. But faint and faraway, there came another voice in her head. Like the cool wind voice, it wasn’t hers, but it wasn’t someone else’s, either. It was a clear crystal voice that seemed to sparkle in jeweled colors as it spoke. You are not a killer. You don’t kill. You have never killed, no matter what happened to you. You do not kill. I don’t kill, Hannah thought slowly, in agreement. Then you’re going to die, the cool wind voice said brutally, much louder than the crystal voice. Because this animal won’t stop until either it’s dead or you are. There’s no other way to deal with these creatures. Then it happened. The wolf’s mouth opened. In a lightning-fast move, it darted for her throat. Hannah didn’t think. She brought the picture frame up †¦ and slammed it into the side of the wolf’s head. Not into the eye. Into the ear. She felt the impact-hard metal against sensitive flesh. The wolf gave a yelping squeal and staggered sideways, shaking its head and hitting at its face with a forepaw. Its weight was off her for an instant, and an instant was all Hannah needed. Her body moved without her conscious direction, sliding out from under the wolf, twisting and jumping to her feet. She kept her grasp on the picture frame. Now. Look around! The bookcase-no, you can’t move it. The window! Go for the window. But the wolf had stopped shaking its head. Even as Hannah started across the room, it turned and saw her. In one flowing, bushy leap it put itself between her and the window. Then it stood looking at her, every hair on its body bristling. Its teeth were bared, its ears upright, and its eyes glared with pure hatred and menace. It’s going to spring, Hannah realized. I am not a killer. I can’t kill. You don’t have any choice- The wolf sprang. But it never reached her. Something else came soaring through the window and knocked it off course. This time, Hannah’s eyes and brain identified the creature at once. Another wolf. My God, what is going on? The new animal was gray-brown, smaller than the black wolf and not as striking. Its legs were amazingly delicate, twined with veins and sinews like a racehorse’s. A female, something faraway in Hannah’s mind said with dreamlike certainty. Both wolves had recovered their balance now. They were on their feet, bristling. The room smelled like a zoo. And now I’m really going to die, Hannah thought. I’m going to be torn to pieces by two wolves. She was still clutching the picture frame, but she knew there was no chance of fighting them both off at once. They were going to rip her to bits, quarreling over who got more of her. Her heart was pounding so hard that it shook her body, and her ears were ringing. The female wolf was staring at her with eyes more amber than yellow, and Hannah stared back, mesmerized, waiting for it to make its move. The wolf held the gaze for another moment, as if studying Hannah’s face-in particular the left side of her face. Her cheek. Then she turned her back to Hannah and faced the black wolf. And snarled. Protecting me, Hannah thought, stunned. It was unbelievable-but she was beyond disbelief at this point. She had stepped out of her ordinary life and into a fairy tale full of almost-human wolves. The entire world had gone crazy and all she could do was try to deal with each moment as it came. They’re going to fight, the cool wind voice in her mind told her. As soon as they’re into it, run for the window. At that moment everything erupted into bedlam. The gray wolf had launched herself at the black. The room echoed with the sound of snarling-and of teeth clicking together as both wolves snapped again and again. Hannah couldn’t make out what was going on in the fight. It was just a blurred chaos as the wolves circled and darted and leaped and ducked. But it was by far the most terrifying thing she had ever witnessed. Like the worst dog fight imaginable, like the feeding frenzy of sharks. Both animals seemed to have gone berserk. Suddenly there was a yelp of pain. Blood welled up on the gray female’s flank. She’s too small, Hannah thought. Too light. She doesn’t have a chance. Help her, the crystal voice whispered. It was an insane suggestion. Hannah couldn’t even imagine trying to get in the middle of that snarling whirlwind. But somehow she found herself moving anyway. Placing herself behind the gray wolf. It didn’t matter that she didn’t believe she was doing it, or that she had no idea how to team up with a wolf in fighting another wolf. She was there and she was holding her silver picture frame high. The black wolf pulled away from the fight to stare at her. And there they stood, all three of them panting, Hannah with fear and the wolves with exertion. They were frozen like a tableau in the middle of the wrecked office, all looking at each other tensely. The black wolf on one side, his eyes shining with single-minded menace. The gray wolf on the other, blood matting her coat, bits of fur floating away from her. And Hannah right behind her, holding up the picture frame in a shaking hand. Hannah’s ears were filled with the deep reverberating sound of growling. And then a deafening report that cut through the room like a knife. A gunshot. The black wolf yelped and staggered. Hannah’s senses had been focused on what was going on inside the room for so long that it was a shock to realize there was anything, outside it. She was dimly aware that Paul’s yells had stopped some time ago, but she hadn’t stopped to consider what that meant. Now, with adrenaline washing over her, she heard his voice. â€Å"Hannah! Get out of the way!† The shout was tense, edged with fear and anger- and determination. It came from the opposite side of the room, from the darkness outside the window. Paul was there at the broken window with a gun. His face was pale and his hand was shaking. He was aiming in the general direction of the wolves. If he fired again he might hit either of them. â€Å"Get into a corner!† The gun bobbed nervously. Hannah heard herself say, â€Å"Don’t shoot!† Her voice came out hoarse and unused-sounding. She moved to get in between the gun and the wolves. â€Å"Don’t shoot,† she said again. â€Å"Don’t hit the gray one.† â€Å"Hit the gray one?† Paul’s voice rose in something like hysterical laughter. â€Å"I don’t even know if I can hit the wall! This is the first time I’ve ever shot a gun. So just-just try to get out of the way!† â€Å"No!† Hannah moved toward him, holding out her hand. â€Å"I can shoot. Just give it to me-â€Å" â€Å"Just move out of the way-â€Å" The gun went off. For an instant Hannah couldn’t see where the bullet had gone and she wondered wildly if she had been shot. Then she saw that the black wolf was lurching backward. Blood dripped from its neck. Steel won’t kill it, the wind voice hissed. You’re only making it more angry. . But the black wolf was swinging its head to look with blazing eyes from Hannah with her picture frame to Paul with his gun, to the gray wolf with her teeth. The gray wolf snarled just then and Hannah had never seen an animal look closer to being smug. â€Å"One more shot†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Paul breathed. â€Å"While it’s cornered†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Ears flat, the black wolf turned toward the only other window in the room. It launched into a vaulting leap straight toward the unbroken glass. There was a shattering crash as it went through. Glass fragments flew everywhere, tinkling. Hannah stared dizzily at the curtains swirling first outside, then inside the room, and then her head snapped around to look at the gray wolf. Amber eyes met hers directly. It was such a human stare†¦ and definitely the look of an equal. Almost the look of a friend. Then the gray wolf twisted and loped for the newly broken window. Two steps and a leap-she was through. From somewhere outside there came a long drawn-out howl of anger and defiance. It was fading, as if the wolf was moving away. Then silence. Hannah shut her eyes. Her knees literally felt as if they wanted to buckle. But she made herself move to the window, glass grating under her boots as she stared into the night. The moon was bright, one day past full. She thought she could just see a dark shape loping toward the open prairie, but it might have been her imagination. She let out her breath and sagged against the window. The silver picture frame fell to the floor. â€Å"Are you hurt? Are you okay?† Paul was climbing through the other window. He tripped on a waste-basket getting across the room, then he was beside her, grabbing for her shoulders, trying to look her over. â€Å"I think I’m all right.† She was numb, was what she was. She felt dazed and fragmented. He blinked at her. â€Å"Um .. . you have some particular fondness for gray wolves or something?† Hannah shook her head. How could she ever explain? They stared at each other for a moment, and then, simultaneously, they both sank to the floor, squatting among the shards of glass, breathing hard. Paul’s face was white, his red hair disheveled, his eyes large and stunned. He ran a shaky hand over his forehead, then put the gun down and patted it. He twisted his neck to stare at the wreck of his office, the overturned bookcase, the scattered books and knickknacks, the two broken windows, the glass fragments, the bullet hole, the flecks of blood, and the tufts of wolf hair that still drifted across the pine floorboards. Hannah said faintly, â€Å"So who was at the door?† Paul blinked twice. â€Å"Nobody. Nobody was at the door.† He added almost dreamily, â€Å"I wonder if wolves can ring doorbells?† â€Å"What?† Paul turned to look straight at her. â€Å"Has it ever occurred to you,† he blurted, â€Å"that you may not be paranoid after all? I mean, that something weird and uncanny really is out to get you?† â€Å"Very funny,† Hannah whispered â€Å"I mean-† Paul gestured around the room, half-laughing. He looked punch-drunk. â€Å"I mean, you said something was going to happen-and something did.† He stopped laughing and looked at her with wondering speculation. â€Å"You really did know, didn’t you?† Hannah glared at the man who was supposed to guide her back to sanity. â€Å"Are you crazy?† Paul blinked. He looked shocked and embarrassed, then he glanced away and shook his head. â€Å"God, I don’t know. Sorry; that wasn’t very professional, was it? But†¦Ã¢â‚¬  He stared out the window. â€Å"Well, for a moment it just seemed possible that you’ve got some kind of secret locked up there in your brain. Something†¦ extraordinary.† Hannah said nothing. She was trying to forget about too many things at once: the new part of her that whispered strategies, the wolves with human eyes, the silver picture frame. She had no idea what all these things added up to, and she didn’t want to know. She wanted to force them away from her and go back to the safe ordinary world ofSacajaweaHigh School . Paul cleared his throat, still looking out the window. His voice was uncertain and almost apologetic. â€Å"It can’t be true, of course. There’s got to be a rational explanation. But-well, if it were true, it occurs to me that somebody had better unlock that secret. Before something worse happens.† How to cite Night World : Soulmate Chapter 2, Essay examples

Masters Level Dissertation

Question: Describe about the role of aircraft component management in reducing the cost associated with maintenance. Answer: 1.0 Introduction The research work is intended to shed light on the concerned research topic i.e., role of aircraft component management in reducing the cost associated with maintenance. Therefore, in this regard the introduction chapter will be quite important for depicting the nooks and corners of the topic with a vivid details and information. For the initialization of the research this chapter will play an extremely important role. In this chapter a brief description about the background of the study along with the aims and objectives of the study will be given. It will also describe the rationale of the study. In other words, this chapter as a whole works as the guiding line of the entire research. 1.1 Background of the study Maintenance of components of an airline may account for nearly one fifth of the total maintenance cost of the company. However, a number of companies still make purchase decisions of component and repair of repair services in efficiently and that on a part by part basis (Anderson and Neri 2012). This study will provide the airline executives a more effective approach to deal with these issues and thereby help them to reduce maintenance cost and enhancing the reliability and performance as well. 1.2 Rationale Presently the airline industry is one of the most successful industries in the world. The airline industry is dependent on the level of customer satisfaction. Customer satisfaction on the other hand is determined by the safety and punctuality. If either of these two fails, it will affect the customer satisfaction. Therefore, the effect of airlines component management over the maintenance cost is an issue that must be focused. Because of the flourishing nature of the airline companies, if this issue is solved and new component management approaches are provided to the airline executives they will be able to deal with the maintenance cost more efficiently and thereby will reduce the cost and increase customer satisfaction. Presently, the airline companies are faced with a number of problems regarding the maintenance cost, therefore it is essential to solve the issue as soon as possible. 1.3 Problem Statement As the success of an airline company is widely determined by the level of customer satisfaction it can provide, it is essential for the airline to aim at reducing the hazards associated with aircraft maintenance. This will increase the safety and comfort of the customers and thereby increase the level of satisfaction derived. On the other hand, inefficient maintenance requires a lot of time and thereby hampers the punctuality of the airlines (Campbell and Reyes-Picknell 2015). It can be harmful for the airlines as well because this reduces the customer satisfaction and this can also make the airline to be subject to legal framework. Therefore, it is quite essential for the airline companies to determine the exact method of management of components, this will help them to reduce the cost of maintenance and thereby increase the profitability. 1.4 Aims of the Research The broader aim of this research is to investigate and determine the perfect management strategy for managing the components of aircraft and thereby reduce the maintenance cost associated with the aircraft. 1.5 Objectives of the Research The objectives of the study is stated below, To investigate different aspects of aircraft component management. To investigate the relationship between aircraft component management with maintenance cost. To determine the different styles of component management To provide recommendations for improving the component management. 1.6 Research Questions What are the different aspects of aircraft component management? What is the relationship between component management and maintenance cost? What are the different styles of component management? What could be done to improve the component management? 2.0 Literature Review 2.1 Introduction According to Jardine and Tsang (2013), for a number of airlines replaceable units (LRU), maintenance of components, repair as well as overhaul puts a significantly vital challenge. There are a number of reason for which the airline companies experience an escalation in their maintenance cost. These reasons may include expiry of warranty coverage of the aircraft, availability of parts and management of other parts (Ferreiro et al. 2012). 2.2 Techniques of Aircraft Component Management A number of tactics are proven to be beneficial for effective management of components of aircrafts and thereby reduce the maintenance cost (Fritzsche 2012). Companies can reduce the cost of maintenance by leveraging the capabilities of the suppliers. This will in turn enable the airlines to reduce the maintenance risk and the reliability level as well. The airlines may build partnerships with the MRO providers by aligning the risk of the airlines. This partnership should be designed based on five principles (Cao et al. 2012), Developing detailed probabilistic model for maintenance cost and aircraft lifecycle. Leveraging the market costs. Risk alignment Determining and clarifying the gray areas. Managing sourcing process effectively. 2.3 Role of Aircraft Component Management in reducing maintenance cost In the era of excessive pressure between the airlines for minimizing cost, aircraft maintenance has become extremely important for maintain the bottom line of the competition. Designing the strategic deals and reestablishing relationship with the MRO and thereby gaining competitive advantage (Roy et al. 2013). A properly structured MRO partnership can also give the airlines an edge to become successful in the increasingly competitive environment. Aircraft component management is focused on minimizing the maintenance cost associated with the aircraft maintenance (Chester and Horvath 2012.). The framework is so designed that it will efficiently cover every aspects of component management so as to reduce the cost associated with component management. 2.4 Conceptual Framework Figure 1: Conceptual Framework (Source: Created by Author) 3.0 Methodology 3.1 Introduction For acquiring required information from the theoretical framework along with the hypothetical framework stated in the previous episode, this section has dedicatedly tried to design a proper framework of research technique. This will help to achieve the aims and objectives of the research as well as answering the research question. 3.2 Research Paradigm (Positivism) The two types of research paradigm are interpretivism and positivism, and these two paradigms are used widely in the research works. The philosophy of positivism concentrates on investigating the research issues based on the truths and original facts after observing these factors effectively (Robson and McCartan 2016). However, interpretivism is not appropriate for this research and therefore positivism paradigm is selected. 3.3 Research Approach (Deductive) Based on the nature, research approaches are divided broadly into two categories, namely, inductive and deductive approach. For most of the research works deductive approach is beneficial because this approach first gains access to the available data (Robson and McCartan 2016). Then based on the data and using a top to bottom approach develops a theory after reviewing the available literature. On the contrary, inductive approach is more appropriate for building up new theories associated with the research problem. Hence it is justified for selecting deductive approach for this research work. 3.4 Research Rationale (Analytical/ Descriptive) According to Robson and McCartan (2016), explanatory, exploratory and analytical are the three research rationale which are used mostly in the research works. Explanatory rationale is more focused on developing a relationship between the two variables found in the investigated topic. Exploratory rationale on the other hand puts more importance on receiving the background data as the research topic is anticipated. However, analytical rationale focus on the relation between dependent, independent and unrestrained variables and thereby determines problems associated with the research topic. Therefore, as per these three rationales it is appropriate to chose Analytical principle. 3.5 Research Strategy The research strategy are conducting interview, focused groups, reviewing case studies and survey. A survey seems important for collecting data for the research as this collects data directly from the sample population in a time efficient manner. Interview is also another efficient method as this helps to collect data from a few but knowledgeable persons who are amalgamated with the research topic (Taylor et al. 2015). Hence, survey and interview method have been selected for conducting the research. 3.6 Method of data collection The required will be collected by distributing the questionnaire online among the 85 employees of Pacific Hawk. Along with this 5 respected managers of the company will also be interviewed. For the online collection of data simple random sampling method will be used. 3.7 Method of Data Analysis The collected data will be analyzed by using different statistical packages and represented via graphs, charts and tables. Here, MS Excel will be used for analyzing the collected data, determining and thereby representing the data with the help of graphs, charts and tables. 3.8 Limitations of the research The research work is subject to certain limitations as the fund provided to the student is limited. Moreover the time constraint and interviewing the managers despite their busy schedule is quite challenging. 3.9 Ethical Considerations The researcher will maintain all the ethical considerations involved with the research work. The data protection act will be followed in detail. The collected data will not be used for any personal purpose and will not be disclosed under any circumstances. Reference List: Anderson, R.T. and Neri, L. eds., 2012.Reliability-centered maintenance: management and engineering methods. Springer Science Business Media. Campbell, J.D. and Reyes-Picknell, J.V., 2015.Uptime: Strategies for excellence in maintenance management. CRC Press. Cao, W., Mecrow, B.C., Atkinson, G.J., Bennett, J.W. and Atkinson, D.J., 2012. Overview of electric motor technologies used for more electric aircraft (MEA).Industrial Electronics, IEEE Transactions on,59(9), pp.3523-3531. Chester, M. and Horvath, A., 2012. 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